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Prof. Hui Tag
Editor-in-Chief
Email: editor.jbr@rgu.ac.in
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Article Content
VOLUME 12 (2): OCTOBER – DECEMBER 2024
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Research Article
Plant growth promoting rhizospheric bacteria associated with Oroxylum indicum (L.) Benth. ex Kurz
Dipsikha Shyam1,2 and Diganta Narzary1*
1Microbiology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Jalukbari, Guwahati - 781014, Assam, India.
2Departmet of Botany, Nowgong College (Autonomous), Nagaon - 782001, Assam, India.
Corresponding author: d_narzary@gauhati.ac.in
Article No.: DNJBR104; Received: 20.10.2024; Peer-Reviewed: 25.10.2024; Revised and Accepted: 29.11.2024; 31.12.2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14881733
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Oroxylum indicum (L.) Benth. ex Kurz is a threatened plant species, largely due to overexploitation for its
valuable medicinal properties. This study focused on isolating and screening rhizospheric bacteria associated with O. indicum for their plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits,
including ammonia production, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, and phosphate solubilization. Out of 60 bacterial isolates, 35 exhibited
one or more PGP activities. Morpho-molecular characterization of these 35 isolates identified seven bacterial species, with relative abundances of 2.86% Enterobacter
roggenkampii, 2.86% Pseudomonas taiwanensis, 2.86% Staphylococcus arlettae, 5.71% Bacillus tropicus, 5.71% Bacillus velezensis, 20% Bacillus thuringiensis, and 60% Bacillus cereus.
All isolates tested positive for ammonia production, while 51.43% demonstrated phosphate solubilization with varying solubility indices. Additionally, 11.43% of the isolates
tested positive for HCN production, and 8.57% for IAA production. The highest IAA production was recorded in Enterobacter roggenkampii (Erog-1) at 5.75 μg/ml, followed by
Bacillus tropicus (Btro-7) and Bacillus cereus (Bcer-13) at 0.125 μg/ml. The most effective phosphate solubilizer was Pseudomonas taiwanensis (Ptai-40), with a solubility
index of 3.916 ± 0.144 mm, followed by Enterobacter roggenkampii (Erog-1) with an index of 3.076 ± 0.292 mm. Significant variations in PGP activities were observed at the
strain level within species. These findings highlight the potential of certain rhizospheric bacteria associated with O. indicum as promising bioinoculants for enhancing
plant growth and agricultural productivity.
Keywords: PGPR; Ammonia production; HCN production; IAA production; Phosphate solubilization
Research Article
Monitoring planarians in urban water-bodies: does water quality influence planarian abundance?
Deepika Walunj* and Ravindra Kshirsagar
Department of Zoology, Modern College of Arts Science and Commerce, Ganeshkhind, Pune – 411016, India
Corresponding email ID: deepikawalunj2016@gmail.com
Article No.: DWJBR110; Received: 28.11.2024; Peer-Reviewed: 24.12.2024; Revised and Accepted: 29.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14881801
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Aquatic life is under threat due to water pollution driven by urban cities, industries, agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals.
Aquatic planarians have been serving as a model system for biomedical research for their remarkable ability of regeneration. Planarians are delicate and sensitive to environmental
changes and therefore, monitoring of planarian abundance along with water quality parameters is necessary. In India, there are no studies have been reported on the monitoring of
planarian diversity and abundance. The present study aimed to investigate planarian occurrence in three urban water bodies including rivers and lakes, and
monitoring physico-chemical properties of water. We selected eleven locations (rivers and lakes) in and around Pune city (Maharashtra, India) for the present study.
Among those we monitored three water-bodies throughout the year (June 2022-May 2023) for planarian occurrence and recorded water pH, temperature, salinity, total dissolved
solid (TDS), conductivity, turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), bio-chemical oxygen dissolved, and different ions (chlorides, calcium, magnesium, sulphate,
and iron). The data collected were presented in graphical tabular format. We recorded planarian (Dugesia sp.) occurrence in three water bodies namely Pashan Lake, Mula river,
and Bhima River. Interestingly, planarians were present at these locations throughout the year except the heavy monsoon months July and August. The results demonstrated that
the water quality properties change drastically throughout the year and were subject to seasonal changes in the water flow. Notably, turbidity and TDS values were high during
July and August months possibly due to water runoff. Chlorides, calcium and magnesium concentrations were high during these months. These results suggest that planarian
abundance could not be correlated with specific water parameter. Planarian seems to be tolerant to diverse water conditions except high water flow.
Keywords: Planarian; Water quality; Water flow; Monsoon; Urbanization
Research Article
Identification, isolation and in vitro culture of a wild strain of Ganoderma australe from Sikkim, India
Lhanjey P. Wangdi* and Alish Limboo
Department of Botany, Nar Bahadur Bandhari Government College, Tadong, Gangtok - 737102, Sikkim, India.
*†Corresponding author email: lhanjeyb@gmail.com
comArticle No.: LWJBR116; Received: 23.10.2024; Peer-Reviewed: 28.11.2024; Revised and Accepted: 7.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14881956
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Pure cultures of Ganoderma species were isolated from pristine forests of the eastern Himalayan region, Sikkim, India.
Macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular analysis, including ITS sequencing confirmed the identity of the strain as Ganoderma australe (Fr.) Pat. Herein we report Ganoderma australe,
a strain not previously reported from the eastern Himalayan region and establishment of its fructification in in-vitro condition. Ganoderma australe has been reported to possess
various bioactive compounds, such as triterpenoids, polysaccharides, and phenolic compounds, which contribute to its potential medicinal properties. The pure culture G. australe
strain isolated in the present study was successfully tested in two different substrate bases (maize and wheat) for spawn production. Fructification was observed in all the
substrate bags containing different wood combinations sawdusts and rice straw as the main organic substrate supplemented with cornmeal and wheat bran. The present findings
underscore the rich fungal biodiversity of Sikkim and also provide valuable insights into effective in vitro cultivation strategies of potential medicinal mushrooms.
Keywords: Sikkim Himalayas; Medicinal mushrooms; Pure culture; Ganoderma australe; spawn production; fructification
Research Article
Foliar fungal pathogens of the tree species
Ujashwani Bora, Kasinam Perme, Gautam Dutta, Junmoni Das and Rajiv Kumar Singh*
Department of Botany, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Doimukh 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India
*Corresponding Author email: rajiv.singh@rgu.ac.in
Article No.: UBJBR120; Received: 20.11.2024; Peer-reviewed: 23.12.2024; Revised and Accepted: 25.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
Doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14891682
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Tree species are predominantly found throughout our surrounding environment. They hold significant economic and ecological importance for us.
However, it is noticeable that most research focuses on commercial crops, aiming to enhance their production by mitigating the adverse effects of pathogens. In contrast, naturally growing trees
receive less attention than commercially cultivated crops. Similar to crops, trees also face adverse conditions due to surrounding pathogens. As a result, they compromise their healthy growth and
survivability rates. In the present study, we encountered several infected tree species, observed the symptoms of the infected species, and collected samples to identify and document the fungal pathogens.
Keywords: Arunachal Pradesh; Assam; Fungi; Host; Parasite; Symptom
Research Article
Potential psychrotrophic bacteria isolated from Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh, India for use as biofertilizer
Alok Somvanshi1,2, Ajitabh Bora1,2* and Baikuntha Jyoti Gogoi1
1Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Solmara, Tezpur-784001, Assam. India.
2Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641046, Tamil Nadu, India
*Corresponding author email: ajitabhbora@gmail.com
Article No.: ABJBR102; Received: 08.10.2024; Peer-reviewed: 30.10.2024; Revised and Accepted: 7.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14585190
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Nitrogen and phosphorus molecules, being an integral part of various physiological and biochemical processes, are indispensable for the growth and
maturation of plant tissues. It is well-accepted that these molecules play a significant role in regulating agricultural productivity. This study aims to isolate
and characterise Psychrotrophic microorganisms for use as biofertilizers using biochemical and molecular techniques. The main goal is to find microbial
strains that can solubilize phosphorus and fix nitrogen under the harsh environmental conditions found in high-altitude areas. The research involved
isolating bacteria soil samples collected from the Tawang region in Arunachal Pradesh and subjecting them to a comprehensive biochemical analysis to
determine their phosphate solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing potential. The study discovered 54 bacterial isolates, 44 of which can solubilize phosphate and 10
strains capable of nitrogen fixation. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolates were found to belong to the genera Pseudomonas,
Burkholderia, Azotobacter and Azospirillum.
Keywords: Psychrotrophic Bacteria; Biofertilizer; Tawang; High Altitude; Pseudomonas; Burkholderia; Azotobacter; Azospirillum
Research Article
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance growth, secondary metabolites concentration and antioxidant activity in Acmella paniculata (Wall. ex DC.) R. K. Jansen
Amanso Tayang1 and Heikham Evelin1,2*
1Department of Botany, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Doimukh, 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
2Department of Life Sciences (Botany), Manipur University, Imphal, 795003, Manipur, India.
3Department of Environmental Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl - 796004, Mizoram, India.
*Corresponding author email: heikham.evelin@manipuruniv.avc.in
Manuscript No.: ATJBR115; Received: 24.11.2024; Peer-reviewed: 10.12.2024; Revised and Accepted: 12.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14891757
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Acmella paniculata (Wall. ex DC.) R. K. Jansen, also referred to as ‘the toothache plant’ is a valuable medicinal plant which has immense utility in traditional culinary and medicine.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are pivotal soil microorganisms which exist in symbiosis with terrestrial plant, and provide substantial benefits by improving plant growth, nutrition
and therapeutic values. Therefore, an investigation was conducted to determine the potential role of native AMF and Glomus etunicatum as an eco-friendly innovative strategy to improve the growth,
photosynthetic pigments, proximate components, phytochemical content and antioxidant activity in this plant. G. etunicatum is a widely studied AMF in crop and medicinal plants, and its selection was
based on its potential for complementary benefits to plant growth, nutrition and plant secondary metabolism, while native AMF was selected as they are well adapted to natural condition, making them
valuable for inoculation studies. The findings of the study demonstrated that inoculation of both AMF significantly improved plant growth parameters including height, shoot and root fresh and dry weights,
chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids. Additionally, proximate analysis revealed that AMF inoculation enhanced crude protein, fat, and ash content. Furthermore, significant elevations in
phytochemicals such as total phenolic and flavonoid contents along with the enhanced antioxidant activity was reported in AMF-inoculated plants. This study highlights the underlying potential
of AMF as natural strategy to augment growth, nutrition and medicinal value of A. paniculata.
Keywords: Chlorophyll; Flavonoids; Glomus etunicatum; Native AMF; Phenols; Proximate composition.
Research Article
Strategic dimensions of the nutritional and economic value of Cereal crops
Arindam Chakrabarty1, Sunil Nandi2 and Saket Kushwaha3
1Department of Management, Rajiv Gandhi University (Central University), Rono Hills, Doimukh – 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
2Department of Commerce, Rajiv Gandhi University (Central University), Rono Hills, Doimukh – 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
3Department of Agricultural Economics, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, UP, India.
*Corresponding author email: arindam.management@gmail.com (Arindam Chakrabarty); sunilnandi2008@gmail.com (Sunil Nandi); saket.kushwaha@bhu.ac.in (Saket Kushwaha)
Article No.: ACJBR113; Received: 23.10.2024; Peer-reviewed: 20.12.2024; Revised & Accepted: 30.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024.
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14891877
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Cereals are popular food for human society. It conquers poverty and hungers of global population. It provides significant
nutritional and economic value even in the global humanitarian crisis like COVID-19. Cereals are the focal point for improvising numerous goals of UN-SDGs. The present study
has focused on the essence of cereals as primary component of staple food augmented with adequate nutritional value. The research work has also attempted to understand the
contribution of cereals across the world. The study may emerge as a policy paper on nutritional and economic perspective of ‘cereals’ based on innovative models and empirical
arguments.
Keywords: Nutrition; Economic Value; Cereals; Strategy; SDGs; COVID-19
Research Article
Comparative analysis of soil health parameters across diverse land use systems in the hilly terrain of Northeast India: a case study from Changlang district, Arunachal Pradesh
Nemjong Ronrang1*, O. P. Tripathi3, Ashish Paul1, Krishna Kumar Mourya2, Sandeep Kumar2, Ravi Kumar2, Arijit Barman2, S. Ramchandran2,8 Ram Swaroop Meena2, Surabhi Hota2,4, Uday Shankar Saikia2, Prasenjit Ray4,5,6, Roomesh Kumar Jena2,7, Gulshan Kumar Sharma2,9 and Sanjay Kumar Ray2
1North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, NERIST, Department of Forestry, Nirjuli, Dist. Papum Pare, 791110, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
2ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Jorhat, 785004 Assam, India.
3Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University, Aizawl-796004, Mizoram, India.
4ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur - 482004, Madhya Pradesh, India.
5ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India.
6Auburn University, Alabama-36849, USA.
7ICAR-Indian Institute of Water Management, Bhubaneswar-751023, Odisha, India.
8ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru-560089, Karnataka, India.
9ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Kota-324002, Rajasthan, India.
*Corresponding author-mail: wangleenemjong@gmail.com
Article No.: NRJBR117; Received: 02.10.2024; Peer-reviewed: 22.11.2024; Accepted: 22.11.2024; Published: 31.12.2024.
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892060
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: In the context of climate change, declining agricultural land, increasing land degradation, a growing population,
and rising food demand, assessing soil health parameters under various land use systems (LUS) is crucial for optimal land management. This ensures the long-term productivity
and sustainability of agroecosystems. This study examines the impacts of four LUS—agriculture, tea plantations, horticulture, and forests on soil health parameters in the
northeastern region (NER) of India. Soil samples were collected from two depths (0–15 cm and 15–30 cm) in 2020. Significant differences in soil health parameters were
observed among the LUS. All soils were acidic, with the lowest pH (4.40) under forests and the highest pH (5.4) under agriculture at the 0–15 cm depth. At the 15–30 cm depth,
pH increased under forests and decreased under tea plantations, while no change was observed under agriculture and horticulture. Cation exchange capacity
(CEC) was low (<15 cmol (+) kg-1) across all LUS. Soil organic carbon (SOC) was medium to high across LUS, following the order: forests (1.05%) >
tea plantations (0.78%) > horticulture (0.71%) > agriculture (0.70%) at the 0–15 cm depth. SOC decreased at the 15–30 cm depth for all LUS,
with the highest decrease (42.9%) under agriculture and the lowest (9.5%) under forests. Compared to forests, agricultural land showed 9.35% to 116.7% lower values
for organic carbon, nitrogen, potassium, sulfur, base saturation, iron, and copper. These findings will aid in implementing effective soil management practices to
restore soil health, boost yields, and enhance the region's resilience and sustainability across different land uses.
Keywords:Agriculture; Land Use; Northeast India; Soil health; Tea plantations
Research Article
Diversity and ethnobotanical uses of Lamiaceae members in the Barak Valley region of Assam, India
Rimi Barman1,2*, Padma Raj Gajurel1 and Binay Singh1
1Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli 791109, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
2Department of Botany, Srikishan Sarda College, Hailakandi - 788151, Assam, India.
*Corresponding author email: rimibarman94@gmail.com
Article No.: RBJBR120; Received: 19.07.2024; Peer-reviewed: 20.12.2024; Accepted: 25.12.24; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892088
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Species of Lamiaceae are associated with the livelihood and economy of various communities worldwide.
The local communities of the culturally rich North East Region of India are using many species of Lamiaceae in their day-to-day life. A study has been carried
out to unveil the taxonomic diversity and ethnobotanical uses of Lamiaceae in Barak Valley region of Assam, India during 2020-2023. The study comprises of the
primary data collected from the study area and also secondary information were gathered through published works. A total of 64 species of Lamiaceae under 26 genera were
recorded from different habitats of the region. Clerodendrum, Premna, Leucas, and Ocimum were the most dominant genera recorded from the present study site. Hyptis
brevipes and Teucrium viscidium are reported as new additions to the Flora of Barak Valley. The highest number of species were found to be distributed along roadsides
and waste lands (16 species each) which is followed by river banks (13 species), grasslands (4 species), and dense forests (5 species). Few of the species like Clerodendrum
splendens, Salvia coccinea, Volkameria inerme etc. are found cultivated as ornamentals. Species like Anisomeles indica, Clerodendrum glandulosum, Hyptis suaveolens, Leucas aspera,
Pogostemon auricularius are found widespread in the study area. Ethnobotanical study revealed the uses of 32 species by different ethnic communities of the region namely Bengali,
Dimasa, Hmar, Meitei, and Reang etc. The species like Clerodendrum glandulosum, Elsholtzia griffithii, Leucas aspera, Mentha piperita, Perilla frutescens, are found to be
sold widely in the local markets signifying its commercial potential for improving the livelihood of the rural communities.
Keywords: Assam; Barak Valley; Lamiaceae; Ethnobotany; Diversity; Distribution; Commercial Value
Research Article
Ethnomedicinal plants use by the Ahom and Bodo community in human health management in Charaideo district of Upper Assam, North East India
Surajeet Konwar1, Rituporna Doimari2, Monisha Gogoi3 and Pranati Gogoi4*
1Department of Biotechnology, Debraj Roy College (Autonomous), Golaghat 785621, Assam, India.
2Department of Life Sciences, Debraj Roy College (Autonomous), Golaghat - 785621, Assam, India.
3Department of Botany, Assam Science and Technology University, Jalukbari, Guwahati - 781013, Assam, India.
4*Department of Botany, Sonari College, Sonari, Charaideo - 785690, Assam, India.
*Corresponding author email: pranatigogoi01@gmail.com
Article No.: SKJBR110; Received: 22.09.2024; Peer-reviewed: 20.10.2024; Revised and Accepted: 15.11.2024; Published: 31.12.2024.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892099
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Present study documents 68 species of ethnomedicinal plants used by the Ahom and Bodo communities in upper Assam, India.
Data were obtained through participants observation and field interview with local informants in the fifteen villages across the Charaideo district of Upper Assam, India.
The listed species were found to be widely accessible and used for the treatment of a variety of ailments including allergies, body discomfort, body aches, headaches, animal bites,
heart difficulties, coughs, etc. It was found that several plant parts including seeds, leaves, bark, and roots can be used as medicinal materials.
The majority of medications were prepared in mixers using other plant parts or non-plant components. The results of the present study demonstrated the cross-cultural
ethnomedicinal knowledge of the Ahom and Bodo communities.
Keywords: Ahom; Bodo; Charaideo; Upper Assam; Ethnomedicobotany; Diseases; Traditional Therapy
Research Article
Assessment of heavy metals in Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. and potential effects on human health
Phurailatpam Surjit Sharma and Ashalata Devi*
School of Sciences, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam - 784028, Tezpur, Assam, India.
*Corresponding author email:ashalatadevi12@gmail.com
Article No.: PSJBR112; Received: 29.11.2024; Peer-reviewed: 14.12.2024; Revised & Accepted: 14.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892117
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: In wetlands areas, macrophytes indicate the extent of bioavailable heavy metal contamination, and particular species of aquatic vascular plants are employed to
evaluate the bioavailable fraction of heavy metal pollution. However, heavy metal bioavailability and absorption by aquatic plants depend on various environmental factors.
This study aims to determine the presence of heavy metals such as lithium (Li), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) in Ipomoea aquatica Forssk collected from the Lamphelpat
wetland in Imphal West District of Manipur, India. It also focused on assessing the associated health risk with prolonged consumption of I. aquatica referring to the
Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of the concerned heavy metals, the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), and the Hazard Index (HI). A total of 24 composite samples were collected
across the three seasons in 2022-2023 and analyzed them for the heavy metals using ICP-MS. The results showed that concentrations (mean±SD) of nickel (4.032±0.830) and
chromium (3.448±1.267) in the collected samples were higher than the permissible limit of 1mg/kg set by the FSSAI for leafy vegetables. Concentration of studied heavy
metal in I. aquatica were in the order of Ni > Cr > Li. According to THQs and HI, consumption of the examined species is considered unsafe for human health, as the THQ
value of Cr is >1. The overall HI for both men and women is also >1. The gender-wise estimation of THQs indicates a greater impact on the women population compared to the male.
Keywords: Health hazards; Heavy metals; Ipomoea aquatica; Lamphelpat wetland
Research Article
Exposure to chlorantraniliprole leads to genotoxicity and behavioural changes in Fejervarya limnocharis tadpoles: an in vivo approach
Sweety Nath Barbhuiya1*, Dipsanu Paul2, Neha Farzana2, Abujam Romibala Devi2, Utsab Singha2, and Dharmeswar Barhoi2
1Department of Zoology, Patharkandi College, Patharkandi, Sribhumi – 788724, Karimganj, Assam, India.
2Department of Zoology, The Assam Royal Global University, Betkuchi, Guwahati - 781035, Assam, India.
*Corresponding author email: sweetynath91@gmail.com
Article No.: SNJBR105; Received: 24.11.2024; Peer-reviewed: 24.12.2024; Accepted: 24.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892139
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: The prevalent use of pesticides poses noteworthy threats to biodiversity, like in amphibians, which are critical indicators
of ecological health. This study investigates the genotoxic and behavioural effects of chlorantraniliprole (CAP), an anthranilic diamide insecticide, on the tadpoles of
Fejervarya limnocharis. F. limnocharis that were collected from natural territories were acclimatized under laboratory conditions and exposed to different concentra tions
of CAP based on 96 h LC50 values. LC50 exposes the dose-dependent toxicity in F. limnocharis. Behavioural changes were also monitored for 30 days, which highlights lethargy,
reduced activity, and predator avoidance behaviours in treated groups compared to the control group. Potential genotoxic effects were also evaluated via micronucleus assays,
which validated a substantial surge in erythrocyte abnormalities across different exposure periods. Similarly. statistical analyses showed a dose-dependent increase in genotoxic
markers and behavioural alterations, suggesting hormonal imbalances or neurotoxic stress as p otential mechanisms that further need to study. The findings underscore
CAP’s detrimental impact on tadpole survival, feeding, and physiological development, posing risks to amphibian populations in agrochemical-contaminated environments.
Given the ecological significance of amphibians in pest control and food webs, the adverse effects of CAP could exacerbate population declines, affecting ecosystem stability.
This study advocates for furt her research into the molecular pathways of CAP toxicity and calls for sustainable pest control alternatives to mitigate environmental and
biodiversity impacts.
Keywords: Chlorantraniliprole; Coragen; Pesticides; Fejervarya limnocharis; Genotoxicity; Behavioural Study; Environmental Toxicity
Research Article
Quality evaluation of innovative chocolate cookies enhanced with rhizome powder of Curcuma caesia Roxb. as a value-added functional component
Sritama Datta and P. Vasantha Kumari*
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Mount Carmel College, Bangaluru, Karnataka 560052, India.
*Corresponding author email: Vasanthi.kumari@mccblr.edu.in (P. Vasantha Kumari); sritamadatta7fn@gmail.com (Sritama Datta)
Article No.: SMJBR116; Received: 22.04.2024; Peer-reviewed: 30.11.2024; Accepted: 15.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892292
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Black Turmeric (Curcuma caesia Roxb.) is an herbaceous rhizomatous medicinal plant of family Zingiberaceae. It is popularly used by the tribal communities of North East India
due to its several health benefits. This study aims to estimate the effect of the addition of Black Turmeric Powder on the nutrient composition of the functional cookies. In this study Hot-air oven dried
Black turmeric powder was used in different concentrations (1%, 2%, and 4% of the total dry weight of the dough) to prepare Chocolate cookies. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that Chocolate
cookies with 4% Black turmeric powder variation were well accepted by the panel members. The nutritional composition of the selected cookie sample was contrasted with that of a control chocolate
cookie (standard). Results showed that cookies with Black turmeric powder variation had significantly (p<0.05) higher ash, total phenolic compound, and total flavonoid content than the control cookies.
Shelf-life study of the control and the variation Chocolate cookie also showed that Chocolate cookie with BTP had a longer shelf stability. Thus, it can be observed that, addition of Hot-air oven dried
Black turmeric powder to the chocolate cookies has significantly increased the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant properties which are essential nutrients and have great
medicinal benefit and consumption of this value-added functional Chocolate cookies may improve health quality in long run.
Keywords: Antioxidant; Black Turmeric; Chocolate Cookies; Functional Food; Health Benefits; Phytochemical Components.
Research Article
New distributional record of Senegalia ajaya (Fabaceae) from Purba Bardhaman district, West Bengal, India.
Shamim Alam1,2 and Adani Lokho2*
1Department of Botany, Suri Vidyasagar College, Suri - 731101, Birbhum, West Bengal, India.
2Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan - 731235, Birbhum, West Bengal, India.
*Corresponding author email: lokhoabba@gmail.com
Article No.: ALJBR123; Received: 14.12.2024; Peer-reviewed: 23.12.2024; Accepted: 23.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892321
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Senegalia ajaya (Family: Fabaceae) is reported as a new distributional record for Purba Bardhaman district of West Bengal, India
and the second report from the world. This species was first discovered from the Birbhum district of West Bengal, India. Taxonomic description from the live materials, relevant notes,
and colour photographs are provided for easy identification and reference.
Keywords: Senegalia ajaya; New record; Climber; Fabaceae; Purba Bardhaman; West Bengal
Research Article
Assessment of the proximate and nutritional composition of Clerodendrum indicum (L.) Kuntze leaves.
Pradip Doley
Patharkandi College, Patharkandi, Shribhumi - 788724, Karimganj, Assam, India.
*Corresponding author email: doleyp14@gamil.com
Article No.: PDJBR125; Received: 27.11.2024; Peer-reviewed: 16.12.2024; Accepted: 16.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892344
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Wild edible plants play a significant role in enhancing dietary diversity and providing essential nutrients, particularly in
rural and tribal communities. This study focuses on the nutritional and proximate composition of Clerodendrum indicum (L.) Kuntze leaves, a lesser-known wild leafy vegetable by
using standard methods of analysis. Proximate analysis revealed a moisture content of 11.24 ± 0.05 g/100 g, crude protein (23.59 ± 0.67 g/100 g), crude fiber (14.88 ± 0.66 g/100 g),
crude fat (0.68 ± 0.02 g/100 g), total ash (9.28 ± 0.21 g/100 g), and carbohydrate content of 55.20 ± 0.39 g/100 g. The energy value was calculated to be 320.92 ± 3.36 kcal/100 g.
The leaves also contained notable levels of ascorbic acid (154.42 mg/100 g) and sugars, including total sugars (13.90 g/100 g) and reducing sugars (7.34 g/100 g).
These findings highlight the nutritional potential of C. indicum leaves and their role in promoting dietary diversity, nutritional security. Integrating this underutilized
plant into regular diets can contribute to improved nutrition and the development of sustainable agricultural practices.
Keywords: Clerodendrum indicum; Proximate Composition; Nutritional Assessment; Food Security.
Research Article
Evaluation of total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of Ophiorrhiza ochroleuca Hook.f.
Pinki Gogoi1, Daimalu Baro2, Biswadeep Doley3, Prerana Doley4, Rhituporna Saikia5 Nipen Nayak6
1,2,4,5Department of Botany, Tinsukia College, Assam, India.
3,6Department of Zoology, Tinsukia College, Assam, India.
*Corresponding author email: daimalupbaro@gmail.com
Article No.: PGJBR125; Received: 24.09.2024; Peer-reviewed: 18.11.2024. Revised and Accepted: 13.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892358
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Wild edible plants play a significant role in enhancing dietary diversity and providing essential nutrients, particularly in
rural and tribal communities. This study focuses on the nutritional and proximate composition of Clerodendrum indicum (L.) Kuntze leaves, a lesser-known wild leafy vegetable by
using standard methods of analysis. Proximate analysis revealed a moisture content of 11.24 ± 0.05 g/100 g, crude protein (23.59 ± 0.67 g/100 g), crude fiber (14.88 ± 0.66 g/100 g),
crude fat (0.68 ± 0.02 g/100 g), total ash (9.28 ± 0.21 g/100 g), and carbohydrate content of 55.20 ± 0.39 g/100 g. The energy value was calculated to be 320.92 ± 3.36 kcal/100 g.
The leaves also contained notable levels of ascorbic acid (154.42 mg/100 g) and sugars, including total sugars (13.90 g/100 g) and reducing sugars (7.34 g/100 g).
These findings highlight the nutritional potential of C. indicum leaves and their role in promoting dietary diversity, nutritional security. Integrating this underutilized
plant into regular diets can contribute to improved nutrition and the development of sustainable agricultural practices.
Keywords: Clerodendrum indicum; Proximate Composition; Nutritional Assessment; Food Security.
Research Article
Harvesting the potential of medicinal plant extracts for anti-diarrhoeal treatment and water purification.
Ashwini Arvind Pujari and Aniroodha V. Pethkar*
Department of Microbiology, Government Institute of Science, Chhatrapati, Sambhajinagar -431004, Maharashtra, India.
*Corresponding author email: avpethkar@yahoo.com (Aniroodha V. Pethkar)
AArticle No.: APJBR115A; Received: 13.10.2024; Peer-reviewed: 11.12.2024; Accepted: 24.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI::https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892397
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Methanol extracts from 23 plants were tested for antimicrobial activity against five pathogenic bacteria responsible for diarrhoeal disease: Vibrio cholerae,
Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Shigella sonii and Staphylococcus aureus. Among the tested plants, seven plant extract demonstrated antimicrobial
activity. Terminalia chebula (Retz) (Hirda) and Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. (Behada) fruit extracts demonstrated maximum antimicrobial activity.
MIC of T. chebula (Retz) and T. bellirica (Gaertn) Roxb. fruit extracts were determined by using agar well diffusion method. It was found that V. cholerae, E.
coli, and Salmonella enterica were sensitive to T. chebula (Retz) extract at 60 μg level, while Shigella boydii and S. aureus were sensitive at 240 and 1920 μg
levels, respectively. In the case of T. bellirica, V. cholerae was sensitive to the extract at the level of 60 μg, E. coli and Salmonella enterica at 120 μg and
Shigella boydii and S. aureus at the level of 960 μg. Phytochemical analyses of the plant extracts revealed the presence of diverse bioactive metabolites like
terpenes, carotenoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, phenolic glycosides, phloroglucides, anthrocenocides, flavonoids, tannin s, quinones and coumarins.
Methanol extract of T. bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. reduced the bacterial load of tap water at a concentration of 0.6% (w/v) pointing to its usefulness in water
purification.
Keywords: Terminalia chebula (Retz); Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn) Roxb; Antimicrobial Activity; Diarrhoea; Agar well diffusion; Phytochemical Analyses.
Research Article
Influences of seasons, tissue types and locations on endophytic fungi diversity associated with Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb
Samrat Tripura1*, Prasenjit Debbarma1, 2, Suman Paul3, Rahul Saha1, Badal Kumar Datta3, Ajay Krishna Saha1
1Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura– 799022, India
2Department of Botany, Netaji Subhash Mahavidyalaya, Dhwajanagar-799120, Udaipur, Tripura, India
3Plant Taxonomy and Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Botany, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura - 799022, India
*Corresponding author email: samrat.botany@tripurauniv.in
Article No.: STUJBR78B; Received: 02.03.2024; Peer-reviewed: 20.10.2024; Accepted: 14.11.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892438
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: Terminalia bellirica is a traditional medicine plant used in various parts of the world. It has several properties, such as antimicrobial, and ant ioxidant, boosts
immunity, regulates diabetes, and treats asthma, etc. Endophytic fungi reside within the plant tissue without causing plant disease symptoms. Endophytic fungi
produce secondary metabolites that might play a pivotal role in conferring these pharmacological activities. Therefore, the present study was performed to unearth
the novel endophytic fungi with seasonal influence from T. bellirica. A total of 643 endophytic fungal isolates were recovered from the leaves, barks, and roots of
T. bellirica in three different seasons and identified at morphological levels. During the study, 26 culturable endophytic fungi including the non-sporulating forms
belonging to 14 genera, 8 families, and 4 classes, were obtained. Ascomycota was found to be dominant (93%) and Mucoromycota (2%) was the least. The maximum
isolate belongs to Sordariomycetes showing 47%. The isolation rate was found maximum in the root segments (0.62), while the colonization ra te was recorded
highest in the leaves (100%). However, the fungal endophytes were recovered maximum at Suryamaninagar (S1) site (180) followed by Debasthal (S5) site (147)
and the least isolates were recovered at Ampinagar (S3) site (100). During the summer season, the highest total colonization frequency (CF) was detected by
Aspergillus niger (124%) and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in monsoon (156%) and winter seasons (92%). The maximum fungal isolates were obtained during
the monsoon season (286) followed by the summer (202) and winter seasons (155). The colonization rate was higher during the m onsoon season as compared to
winter and summer, whereas the maximum isolation rate was recorded during the monsoon (0.76) than summer (0.54) and winter (0.41) seasons, respectively.
The type of tissue, sampling locations, and seasons influences the endophytic fungal diversity and composition in this plant. Species diversity of endophytic fungi
was found to be maximum during the monsoon season and minimum during the winter. The endophytic fungi recovered from this plant might be further explored
for their biological activities, anticancer drugs, pharmaceutical and agricultural fertilizers, and may be used commercially.
Keywords: Terminalia chebula (Retz); Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn) Roxb; Antimicrobial Activity; Diarrhoea; Agar well diffusion; Phytochemical Analyses.
Research Article
Natural indicator for acid base titration from ethnobotanical resources of Tripura, India using green chemistry principles.
Swarnali Nath Choudhury1*, Biplab De2, Subrata Das1, Dwaipayan Banik1, Akash Das1, Akash Datta1, Barnana Chakraborty1, Susmita Pal2, Ajay Mili2, Mary Naksang2, Anu Ronya2
1Department of Chemistry, ICFAI University, Kamalghat, Mohanpur– 799210, West Tripura, India
2 Regional Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Agartala - 799005, Tripura, India.
*Corresponding author email: schoudhury123@gmail.com; swarnali.nath@iutripura.edu.in
Article No.: SNJBR129; Received: 8.03.2024; Peer-reviewed: 11.12.2024; Revised and Accepted: 25.12.2024; Published: 31.12.2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14892455
View Abstract | PDF
Abstract: TThere are several plants, insects which give us certain organic compounds that possess extended conjugated systems of
alternating single and multiple bonds, which allow for the absorption of visible light, hence give us coloured compounds that can be used as pigments, bio-colours, or natural
indicators. Natural Indicators can be cost-effective, environment friendly, and have excellent performance with sharp colour change in end points of the acid base titra tions,
which can work as an alternative of synthetic indicator. In a titration at the end point conjugated systems changes and accordingly the absorption of visible light changes,
hence the colour changes. For sustainable development, a list of suggestion based on Green Chemistry principles should be referred and one of them is natural Indicators.
In the present research the plant-part extract of medicinally active plant species Vitis labrusca, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Basella alba, Punica granatum, Beta vulgaris,
Curcuma longa, Terminalia chebula and Areca catechu have been experimentally found to be an alternative of phenopthalein and methyl orange for acid-base titration.
These indicators are produced by the method of extraction using 100% distilled methanol. The extract was tested in solution with pH 1-12 and used as an indicator to
identify the solutions and titration in acid-base topic. The study came to the conclusion that Vitis labrusca, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Basella alba, Punica granatum,
Beta vulgaris, Curcuma longa, Terminalia chebula and Areca catechu could serve as an alternate source material for acid base indicators. The uses suggest an effort
to have implemented the principles of green chemistry, including the prevention of the formation of hazardous wastes, the design of safe chemical products, the use
of renewable materials, the design of materials that are easily degraded, and the use of safe solvents.
Keywords: Natural Indicator; Plant Source; Synthetic Indicator; Acid-Base Titration; End Point.
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